Antenna



y 1931- s. M. JESTER ,803,62 0

ANTENNA Filed March 25, 1927 lizvenior 5 U7 .Jester 5 WW M wow Patented May 5, 1931 PATENT OFFICE SMITH M. J ESTER, OF PARK RAPIDS, MINNESOTA ANTENNA Application filed March "25, 1927. Serial No. 178,255.

This invention relates to antenna used in connection with wireless receiving sets and used particularly in connection with radio receivingsets. It is theprimary purpose of .this invention to provide a novel antenna of improved construction which will afford very slight, if any, resistance to high frequency wireless signals received, thereby producing a loud, clear reception when the antenna is connected to a radio receiving set.

Alnore detailed object is to provide a to roidal shaped receiving head for an antenna formed from coiled tubular conducting material.

Another obj ect is to provide in .combination with a receiving head of an antenna and the conduit leading therefrom and adapted to be I connected up with the radio receiving set, a

helix formed from tubular conducting material interposed between portions of the conduit closely adjacent the portion of the conduit adapted to be connected up with the receiving set. v 7

Still another object of the invention is to V provide in combination withanantenna havmg a receivinghead disposed at a relatively high "point, .a conduit of hollow construction leading from the receiving head and adapted to be connected up with a radio receiving set, the said hollow conduit having a number of turns therein adjacent its upper end to form a coil spring and thereby remove the .tension on the conduit due to the weight of the lower portion thereof.

A further object of the invention is to pro vide an antenna so constructed as to include in combination, two or more of the features above specified.

These and other objects and advantages of the presentinvention will more fully appear from the following description made in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to the {same or similar parts throughout the various viewsand, in which, i

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of a structure embodying the present invention, certain of the parts being broken away and others shown in sections;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device illustrated in F 1, certain of the parts being broken away, and others being illustrated in section, and,

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken 011 the line 33 of Fig. 1, as indicated by the arrows;

Referring to the drawings, a standard 4 is illustrated which is adapted to be secured in any desired manner but is preferably secured so that the same extends upwardly in a vertical position. The upper end of the standard f is preferably threaded at 4la and has screwed thereto an insulator 5 tapped at its lower end to re eive the threads 4ca. Insulator 5 preferably flares outwardly ad acent lts lower end, is of substantially cylin- .drical shane and has formed on its outer sides the continuous concave groove 5a. A receiving head for the antenna is provided which consists of a doughnut or toroidal shaped member 6 formed from coiled tubing of conducting material, such, for example, as copper tubing. The outside diameter of each coil of said head is of twice the length of the radius of a circle of which the concave groove formed by vertically sectioning the insulator 5 is an arc. The head 6 is placed on the insulator 5 so that portions of each coil of the toroid will fit within the groove 5 a and preferably the said portions will abut similar portions of adjacent coils. The head 6 is firmly secured to the insulator 5 by means of a clamp 7 preferably formed of conducting material. One end of the tubing 6 forming the head extends downwardly at 6a and has secured thereto at its depending end a small sleeve 8. A tubular conduit 9 of conducting material has its upper end soldered or otherwise secured to the sleeve 8 and depends downwardly from its upper end. The conduit 9 adjacent its up per end has a number of helical turns formed therein to form a spring 9a of hollow construction. The lower end of conduit 9 is secured to the upper cap 10 of a tubular casing 11 of insulating material. A lower cap 12 is provided for the said casing and has secured thereto an insulated conduit 13 of short length and which is adapted to be connected up to the proper portion of a. radio receiving set. A small tubular helix 14 is in cased by the tubular casing 11 and is secured at one end within the hollow portion of the lower end of the conduit 9 and is secured at its other end to the conduit 13. The various coils of the helix 14 are spaced some little distance apart from each other so that each coil will be insulated from its neighbor by air. The conduit 9 is secured by clamps 15 at spaced intervals to insulators 16 secured in turn by wood screws 17 to the standard 4. Each insulator 16 preferably has a small groove at one side thereof within which a portion of the conduit 9 is adapted to fit. The standard 4 and the conduit 9 may be made of various lengths to suit varying conditions in the use of the device. It is usually preferable to situate an antenna out of doors at a comparatively high point and, accord ingly, the standard 4 and conduit 9 are usually of considerable length.

In use the radio wave will be received by the receiving head and carried downwardly through portions 6a, conduit 9, spring 9a, helix 14 and conduit 13 to the radio receiving set. The inventor con ducted a long series of experiments before arriving at his present construction. From these experiments, he found that when he used a receiving hea similar in all respects to the head 6, except that the coils of the head were of solid construction, a certain amount of resistance to sharp, clear and loud reception was developed, and static and a certain amount of fading were present at certain times. He further found that this resistance, static and fading were very greatly reduced and almost eliminated by use of the toroidal head 6 formed from hollow tubular material. However, when a tube 9 was used, connecting up with and leading from the receiving head to the set, a very clear, loud reception was attained. He further found that by interposing the hollow tubular helix 14 in the path of the reception so that the received waves had to pass through the helix before being carried to the receiving set, without first passing through a solid vehicle of transmission, a much stronger and clearer reception, more free from static and less subject to fading, was attained than was the case when no such helix was used or when a helix was used constructed of solid material. He found further that if the hollow transmission vehicle from the receiving head to the leadwire of the receiving set was broken by inclusion therein of a solid unit of transmission, through which the received signal had to pass, the resistance ofiered by the antenna to reception was increased and the clarity, sharpness and loudness of the reception was materially lessened. It was found that the toroidal-shaped receiving head formed from a tube afforded a maximum capacity for reception within a very confined space, and he further found that this reception was nondirectional.

By provision of loops 9-a in conduit 9, whereby a coil spring is formed adjacent the top of the conduit, the weight of the conduit is cushioned by the coil spring 9-a and tension otherwise caused by the said weight was removed from the upper end of the conduit 9. It was found by providing the coil spring 9a in such a manner that better reception was attained in the use of the present device.

The device can, of course, be used to advantage even where conduit 9 is of solid construction and no heliX 14 or spring 9-a is provided. So also the helix 14 can be used with a solidly constructed receiving head and certain advantages will be obtained. It is found, however, that the best result is obtained where the receiving head 6, hollow conduit 9, spring 9a and helix 14 are all used together.

The device is of simple and attractive construction and can be easily made and installed.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes can be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the various parts without departing from the scope of the present invention, which, generally stated, consists of the matter shown and described and set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A radio antenna comprising a standard, a substantially drum shaped insulator secured at the top thereof, a hollow tube wound in the shape of a coil of doughnut shape, a portion of each turn of said coil fitting against the drum portion of said insulator, a clamp of conducting material fitting around the portions of the individual turns of said coil fitting against said drum, said clamp securing said coil to said insulator and means secured to said coil and adapted to be connected up with a radio receiving set.

2. A radio antenna comprising, a standard, a toroidal shaped coil wound from a tube and forming a receiving head, an insulator mounted on said standard and having a drum portion thereon against which portions of the various individual coils of said head fit and are secured, and means for connecting said head to a radio receiving or sending set.

V 3. A radio antenna, comprising a standard, a toroidal-shaped coil wound from a tube and forming a receiving head, an insulator mounted on said standard and having a drum portion thereon against which portions of the various individual coils of said head fit and are secured, a conductor leading from said head, a helix coil formed from a tube and connected at one end to said conductor, the individual turns of said helix coil being insulated from each other by air, and means for connecting the other end of said helix coil to a radio receiving or sending set.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

SMITH M. JESTER. 

